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Patent US10610805
Issued 2020-04-07
Methods To Separate Cannabidiol And Tetrahydrocannabinol
Various aspects of this patent document relate to methods to separate cannabidiol and tetrahydrocannabinol by adjusting their solubility in alcohol and water solutions.
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- 1. A method to separate cannabidiol and tetrahydrocannabinol, comprising: the starting composition comprises an alcohol phase; the alcohol phase is a liquid; the alcohol phase comprises (a) at least 90 percent of the ethanol of the starting composition, (b) at least 50 percent of the cannabidiol of the starting composition, and (c) at least some of the tetrahydrocannabinol of the starting composition; the ethanol of the alcohol phase is a solvent; the cannabidiol of the alcohol phase is a solute that is dissolved in the ethanol of the alcohol phase; the tetrahydrocannabinol of the alcohol phase is a solute that is dissolved in the ethanol of the alcohol phase; the ethanol of the alcohol phase is present in the alcohol phase at a concentration of at least 35 percent and no greater than 99 percent by mass; the starting composition comprises the cannabidiol at a concentration of at least 0.65 percent and no greater than 65 percent by mass; the starting composition comprises the tetrahydrocannabinol at a concentration of at least 0.065 percent and no greater than 6.5 percent by mass; the starting composition comprises the cannabidiol and the tetrahydrocannabinol at a cannabidiol-to-tetrahydrocannabinol ratio of at least 10:1 and less than 350:1 by mass; the cannabidiol of the starting composition has a solubility in the alcohol phase that is greater than 10 grams per liter; and the tetrahydrocannabinol of the starting composition has a solubility in the alcohol phase that is greater than 10 grams per liter; the solubility-regulating composition comprises water; the solubility-regulating composition comprises the water at a concentration by mass that is greater than the concentration by mass of any water that is present in the alcohol phase of the starting composition such that the combination of the alcohol phase and the solubility-regulating composition has a greater concentration of water than the alcohol phase of the starting composition; the heterogeneous composition comprises each of (a) the ethanol of the starting composition, (b) the cannabidiol of the starting composition, (c) the tetrahydrocannabinol of the starting composition, and (d) the water of the solubility-regulating composition; the heterogeneous composition comprises an aqueous phase and a tetrahydrocannabinol-enriched lipid phase; the aqueous phase is a liquid; the aqueous phase comprises greater than 50 percent of the cannabidiol of the heterogeneous composition; the aqueous phase comprises greater than 50 percent of the ethanol of the heterogeneous composition; the aqueous phase comprises at least 95 percent of the water of the heterogeneous composition; either (a) the ethanol of the aqueous phase is a solvent, and the water of the aqueous phase is a solute that is dissolved in the ethanol of the aqueous phase, or (b) the water of the aqueous phase is a solvent, and the ethanol of the aqueous phase is a cosolvent; the cannabidiol of the heterogeneous composition has a solubility in the aqueous phase that is greater than 10 grams per liter; the cannabidiol of the aqueous phase is a solute that is dissolved in the solvent of the aqueous phase; the tetrahydrocannabinol of the heterogeneous composition has a solubility in the aqueous phase that is less than 10 grams per liter; the aqueous phase comprises the cannabidiol of the aqueous phase and any tetrahydrocannabinol that is dissolved in the solvent of the aqueous phase at a cannabidiol-to-tetrahydrocannabinol ratio that is greater than 350:1 by mass; and the tetrahydrocannabinol-enriched lipid phase comprises greater than 50 percent of the tetrahydrocannabinol of the heterogeneous composition; the fractionated heterogeneous composition comprises a fractionated aqueous phase and a fractionated tetrahydrocannabinol-enriched lipid phase; the fractionated aqueous phase consists of either a fraction or all of the aqueous phase of the heterogeneous composition; the fractionated aqueous phase comprises either a fraction or all of the cannabidiol of the aqueous phase; the fractionated aqueous phase comprises either a fraction or all of the ethanol of the aqueous phase; the fractionated aqueous phase comprises either a fraction or all of the water of the aqueous phase; the fractionated tetrahydrocannabinol-enriched lipid phase consists of either a fraction or all of the tetrahydrocannabinol-enriched lipid phase of the heterogeneous composition; and the fractionated tetrahydrocannabinol-enriched lipid phase comprises either a fraction or all of the tetrahydrocannabinol of the tetrahydrocannabinol-enriched lipid phase of the heterogeneous composition; the second fractionated aqueous phase comprises either a fraction or all of the cannabidiol of the fractionated aqueous phase; the second fractionated aqueous phase comprises either a fraction or all of the ethanol of the fractionated aqueous phase; and the second fractionated aqueous phase comprises either a fraction or all of the water of the fractionated aqueous phase; the product comprises cannabidiol; the product lacks tetrahydrocannabinol at a concentration greater than 0.3 percent by mass; the product comprises cannabidiol and any tetrahydrocannabinol at a cannabidiol-to-tetrahydrocannabinol ratio that is greater that 350:1 by mass; the product lacks ethanol at a concentration greater than 5 percent by mass; and the product lacks water at a concentration greater than 5 percent by mass.
