Application US20200060603

COGNITIVE PLATFORM CONFIGURED AS A BIOMARKER OR OTHER TYPE OF MARKER
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US20200060603

1. An apparatus for generating an assessment of one or more cognitive skills in an individual as an indication of a neurodegenerative condition of the individual, said apparatus comprising: (14) (3)

a user interface;

a memory to store processor-executable instructions; and

a processing unit communicatively coupled to the user interface and the memory, wherein upon execution of the processor-executable instructions by the processing unit, the processing unit is configured to: render a first instance of a primary task at the user interface, requiring a first primary response from the individual to the first instance of the primary task;

render a first instance of a secondary task at the user interface, requiring a first secondary response from the individual to the first instance of the secondary task;

render at the user interface a second instance of the primary task with an interference, requiring a second primary response from the individual to the second instance of the primary task in the presence of the interference;

wherein the interference is configured to divert the individual's attention from the second instance of the primary task and is configured as a second instance of the secondary task that is rendered as an interruptor or a distraction;

using the user interface, instruct the individual not to respond to the interference that is configured as a distraction and to respond to the interference that is configured as an interruptor;

receive data indicative of the first primary response, the first secondary response, the second primary response, and the response to the interference;

analyze the differences in the individual's performance from performing the primary task without interference and with interference at least in part by determining differences between the data indicative of the first primary response and the second primary response, and also analyzing one or both of the first secondary response or the response to the interference, to determine at least one indicator of the cognitive ability of the individual; and

generate a scoring output indicative of a likelihood of onset of a neurodegenerative condition of the individual and/or a stage of progression of the neurodegenerative condition based at least in part on applying the first predictive model to the at least one indicator.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first predictive model is trained using a plurality of training datasets, each training dataset corresponding to a previously classified individual of a plurality of individuals, and each training dataset comprising data representing the at least one indicator of the cognitive ability of the classified individual and data indicative of a diagnosis of a status or progression of the neurodegenerative condition in the classified individual. (0)

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first predictive model comprises one or more of a linear/logistic regression, principal component analysis, a generalized linear mixed model, a random decision forest, a support vector machine, or an artificial neural network. (0)

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: (1) (2)

prior to rendering the first instance of a primary task at the user interface, the processing unit is configured to receive data indicative of one or more of an amount, concentration, or dose titration of a pharmaceutical agent, drug, or biologic being or to be administered to an individual; and

based at least in part on the scoring output, generates an output to the user interface indicative of one or more of: (i) a likelihood of the individual experiencing an adverse event in response to administration of the pharmaceutical agent, drug, or biologic, (ii) a likelihood of the individual experiencing an adverse event in response to a change in one or more of the amount, concentration, or dose titration of the pharmaceutical agent, drug, or biologic, (iii) a change in the individual's cognitive response capabilities, (iv) a recommended treatment regimen, (v) a recommendation of at least one of a behavioral therapy, counseling, or physical exercise, or (vi) a determination of a degree of effectiveness of at least one of a behavioral therapy, counseling, or physical exercise.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the processing unit is configured to generate an output to the user interface indicative of a likelihood of the individual experiencing an adverse event in response to administration of the pharmaceutical agent, drug, or biologic, or a likelihood of the individual experiencing an adverse event in response to a change in one or more of the amount, concentration, or dose titration of the pharmaceutical agent, drug, or biologic; and (0) (1)

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the neurodegenerative condition is selected from the group consisting of Alzheimer's disease, dementia, Parkinson's disease, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, familial amyloid neuropathy, or Huntington's disease. (0)

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first predictive model is trained to classify the individual as to a level of expression of one or more of an amyloid, an cystatin, an alpha-synuclein, a huntingtin protein, a tau protein, or an apolipoprotein E. (0)

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises one or more sensor components, and wherein the processing unit is configured to control the one or more sensor components to measure the data indicative of one or both of the first primary response and the second primary response. (1) (0)

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing unit is further configured to use the scoring output for one or more of: (i) identifying a likelihood of the individual experiencing an adverse event in response to a change of one or more of a recommended amount, concentration, or dose titration of the pharmaceutical agent, drug, or biologic, (ii) identifying a likelihood of the individual experiencing an adverse event in response to administration of the pharmaceutical agent, drug, or biologic, (iii) identifying a change in the individual's cognitive capabilities, (iv) recommending a treatment regimen, (v) recommending at least one of a behavioral therapy, counseling, or physical exercise, or (vi) determining a degree of effectiveness of at least one of a behavioral therapy, counseling, or physical exercise. (0)

11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing unit is configured to transmit the scoring output to the user and/or display the scoring output on the user interface. (0)

12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first predictive model serves as an intelligent proxy for subsequent measures of the neurodegenerative condition of the individual. (0)

13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing unit is configured to render the first instance of the primary task as a continuous visuo-motor tracking task, and wherein the first instance of the primary task is a first time interval of the continuous visuo-motor task. (0)

14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing unit is configured to control the user interface to render the interference as a target discrimination interference. (0)

15. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing unit is configured to: (0) (2)

16. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one indicator is computed as an interference cost. (0)

17. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one indicator comprises an indicator of a projected response of the individual to a cognitive treatment being or to be delivered. (0)

22. A computer-implemented method for enhancing one or more cognitive skills in an individual to provide an indication of a neurodegenerative condition of the individual, said method being implemented using a computing device comprising a processing unit and an input device, said method comprising: (15) (5)

using the processing unit, executing a first trial at a first time interval, the first trial comprising: rendering a first instance of a primary task, requiring a first primary response from the individual to the first instance of the primary task using the input device;

rendering a second instance of the primary task with a first interference, requiring a second primary response from the individual, using the input device, to the second instance of the primary task in the presence of the first interference;

wherein the first interference is configured to divert the individual's attention from the second instance of the primary task and is rendered as an interruptor or a distraction; and

wherein the individual is instructed not to respond to the first interference that is configured as a distraction and to respond to the first interference that is configured as an interruptor;

using the processing unit, executing a second trial at a second time interval that is subsequent to the first time interval, the second trial comprising: rendering a third instance of the primary task, requiring a third primary response from the individual to the third instance of the primary task using the input device;

render a fourth instance of the primary task with a second interference, requiring a fourth primary response from the individual using the input device, to the fourth instance of the primary task in the presence of the second interference;

wherein the second interference is configured to divert the individual's attention from the fourth instance of the primary task and is rendered as the interruptor or the distraction; and

wherein the individual is instructed not to respond to the second interference that is configured as the distraction and to respond to the second interference that is configured as the interruptor;

receive data indicative of the first primary response, the second primary response, the third primary response, and the fourth primary response;

using the processing unit, analyze the differences in the individual's performance from performing the primary task without interference and with interference at least in part by determining differences between the data indicative of the first primary response, the second primary response, the third primary response, and the fourth primary response, to determine at least a first indicator of the cognitive ability of the individual; and

using the processing unit, generate a scoring output indicative of a likelihood of onset of a neurodegenerative condition of the individual and/or a stage of progression of the neurodegenerative condition based at least in part on applying the first predictive model to the at least the first indicator.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein the first predictive model is trained using a plurality of training datasets, each training dataset corresponding to a previously classified individual of a plurality of individuals, and each training dataset comprising data representing the at least the first indicator of the cognitive ability of the classified individual and data indicative of a diagnosis of a status or progression of the neurodegenerative condition in the classified individual. (0)

24. The method of claim 22, wherein the first time interval and the second time interval are separated by about 5 minutes, about 7 minutes, about 15 minutes, about 1 hour, about 12 hours, about 1 day, about 5 days, about 10 days, about 15 days, about 20 days, about 28 days, about a month, or greater than a month. (0)

25. The method of claim 22, wherein the first predictive model comprises one or more of a linear/logistic regression, principal component analysis, a generalized linear mixed model, a random decision forest, a support vector machine, or an artificial neural network. (0)

26. The method of claim 22, wherein the processing unit is further configured to execute instructions and perform: applying at least one adaptive procedure to modify the primary task and/or the first interference, such that analysis of the data indicative of the third primary response and/or the fourth primary response indicates a modification of the at least the first indicator. (0)

27. The method of claim 22, wherein the neurodegenerative condition is selected from the group consisting of Alzheimer's disease, dementia, Parkinson's disease, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, familial amyloid neuropathy, or Huntington's disease. (0)

28. The method of claim 22, wherein the first predictive model is trained to classify the individual as to a level of expression of one or more of an amyloid, an cystatin, an alpha-synuclein, a huntingtin protein, a tau protein, or an apolipoprotein E. (0)

29. The method of claim 22, wherein the processing unit is configured to control one or more sensor components to measure the data indicative of one or more of the first primary response, the second primary response, the third primary response, or the fourth primary response. (1) (0)

31. The method of claim 22, wherein the processing unit is further configured to use the scoring output for one or more of: (i) identifying a likelihood of the individual experiencing an adverse event in response to a change of one or more of a recommended amount, concentration, or dose titration of the pharmaceutical agent, drug, or biologic, (ii) identifying a likelihood of the individual experiencing an adverse event in response to administration of the pharmaceutical agent, drug, or biologic, (iii) identifying a change in the individual's cognitive capabilities, (iv) recommending a treatment regimen, (v) recommending at least one of a behavioral therapy, counseling, or physical exercise, or (vi) determining a degree of effectiveness of at least one of a behavioral therapy, counseling, or physical exercise. (1) (0)

33. The method of claim 22, wherein the processing unit is configured to transmit the scoring output to the user and/or display the scoring output on a user interface. (0)

34. The method of claim 22, wherein the first predictive model serves as an intelligent proxy for subsequent measures of the neurodegenerative condition of the individual. (0)

35. The method of claim 22, wherein the processing unit is configured to render the first instance of the primary task as a continuous visuo-motor tracking task, and wherein the first instance of the primary task and the second instance of the primary task are a first time interval of the continuous visuo-motor task. (0)

36. The method of claim 22, wherein the processing unit is configured to render the first interference and second interference as a target discrimination interference. (0)

37. The method of claim 22, wherein the processing unit is configured to: (0) (2)

38. The method of claim 22, further comprising adjusting a difficulty of one or both of the primary task or the first interference such that the apparatus renders at a second difficulty level one or more of: the third instance of the primary task, the fourth instance of the primary task, or the second interference. (0)

39. The method of claim 22, further comprising using the computing device, executing a third trial at a third time interval that is subsequent to the second time interval, the third trial comprising: (1) (7)

rendering a fifth instance of the primary task, requiring a fifth primary response from the individual to the fifth instance of the primary task using the input device;

render a sixth instance of the primary task with a third interference, requiring a sixth primary response from the individual using the input device, to the sixth instance of the primary task in the presence of the third interference;

wherein the third interference is configured to divert the individual's attention from the sixth instance of the primary task and is rendered as the interruptor or the distraction; and

wherein the individual is instructed not to respond to the third interference that is configured as the distraction and to respond to the third interference that is configured as the interruptor;

receive data indicative of the fifth primary response and the sixth primary response;

using the computing device, analyze the differences in the individual's performance from performing the primary task without interference and with interference at least in part by determining differences between the data indicative of the first primary response, the second primary response, the third primary response, the fourth primary response, the fifth primary response, and the sixth primary response, to determine at least a second indicator of the cognitive ability of the individual; and

using the computing device, generate the scoring output indicative of the likelihood of onset of the neurodegenerative condition of the individual and/or the stage of progression of the neurodegenerative condition, based at least in part on applying the first predictive model to the at least the second indicator.

40. The method of claim 39, further comprising adjusting a difficulty of one or both of the primary task or the second interference such that the apparatus renders at a second difficulty level one or more of: the fifth instance of the primary task, the sixth instance of the primary task, or the third interference. (0)

45. An apparatus for enhancing one or more cognitive skills in an individual to provide an indication of a neurodegenerative condition of the individual, said apparatus comprising: (15) (3)

a user interface;

a memory to store processor-executable instructions; and

render a first instance of a secondary task at the user interface, requiring a first secondary response from the individual to the first instance of the secondary task;

using the user interface, instruct the individual not to respond to an interference with the primary task that is configured as a distraction and to respond to an interference with the primary task that is configured as an interruptor;

render at the user interface a second instance of the primary task with a first interference, requiring a second primary response from the individual to the second instance of the primary task in the presence of the first interference;

wherein the first interference is configured to divert the individual's attention from the second instance of the primary task and is configured as a second instance of the secondary task that is rendered as an interruptor or a distraction;

receive data indicative of the first primary response, the first secondary response, the second primary response, and the response to the interference;

adjust a difficulty of one or both of the primary task or the interference such that the apparatus renders one or both of a third instance of the primary task or a second interference at a second difficulty level;

render at the user interface a third instance of the primary task with the second interference, requiring a third primary response from the individual to the third instance of the primary task in the presence of the second interference;

receive data indicative of the third primary response and the response to the second interference;

analyze the differences in the individual's performance from performing the primary task without interference and with interference at least in part by determining differences between the data indicative of two or more of the first primary response, the second primary response, and the third primary response, and also analyzing at least one of the first secondary response, the response to the first interference, or the response to the second interference, to determine at least one indicator of the cognitive ability of the individual; and

generate a scoring output indicative of a likelihood of onset of a neurodegenerative condition of the individual and/or a stage of progression of the neurodegenerative condition, based at least in part on applying a first predictive model to the at least one indicator.

46. The apparatus of claim 45, wherein the first predictive model is trained using a plurality of training datasets, each training dataset corresponding to a previously classified individual of a plurality of individuals, and each training dataset comprising data representing the at least one indicator of the cognitive ability of the classified individual and data indicative of a diagnosis of a status or progression of the neurodegenerative condition in the classified individual. (0)

47. The apparatus of claim 45, wherein the first predictive model comprises one or more of a linear/logistic regression, principal component analysis, a generalized linear mixed model, a random decision forest, a support vector machine, or an artificial neural network. (0)

48. The apparatus of claim 45, wherein: (0) (2)

based at least in part on the scoring output, generates an output to the user interface indicative of one or more of: (i) a likelihood of the individual experiencing an adverse event in response to a change one or more of a recommended amount, concentration, or dose titration of the pharmaceutical agent, drug, or biologic, (ii) a likelihood of the individual experiencing an adverse event in response to administration of the pharmaceutical agent, drug, or biologic, (iii) a change in the individual's cognitive capabilities, (iv) a recommended treatment regimen, (v) a recommendation of at least one of a behavioral therapy, counseling, or physical exercise, or (vi) a determination of a degree of effectiveness of at least one of a behavioral therapy, counseling, or physical exercise.

49. The apparatus of claim 45, wherein the processing unit is configured to generate an output to the user interface indicative of a likelihood of the individual experiencing an adverse event in response to administration of the pharmaceutical agent, drug, or biologic, or a likelihood of the individual experiencing an adverse event in response to a change in one or more of the amount, concentration, or dose titration of the pharmaceutical agent, drug, or biologic; and (0) (1)

50. The apparatus of claim 45, wherein the neurodegenerative condition is selected from the group consisting of Alzheimer's disease, dementia, Parkinson's disease, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, familial amyloid neuropathy, or Huntington's disease. (0)

51. The apparatus of claim 45, wherein the first predictive model is trained to classify the individual as to a level of expression of one or more of an amyloid, an cystatin, an alpha-synuclein, a huntingtin protein, a tau protein, or an apolipoprotein E. (0)

52. The apparatus of claim 45, wherein the apparatus comprises one or more sensor components, and wherein the processing unit is configured to control the one or more sensor components to measure the data indicative of one or both of the first primary response and the second primary response. (1) (0)

54. The apparatus of claim 45, wherein the processing unit is further configured to use the scoring output for one or more of: (i) identifying a likelihood of the individual experiencing an adverse event in response to a change in one or more of a recommended amount, concentration, or dose titration of the pharmaceutical agent, drug, or biologic, (ii) identifying a likelihood of the individual experiencing an adverse event in response to administration of the pharmaceutical agent, drug, or biologic, (iii) identifying a change in the individual's cognitive capabilities, (iv) recommending a treatment regimen, (v) recommending at least one of a behavioral therapy, counseling, or physical exercise, or (vi) determining a degree of effectiveness of at least one of a behavioral therapy, counseling, or physical exercise. (0)

55. The apparatus of claim 45, wherein the processing unit is configured to transmit the scoring output to the user and/or display the scoring output on the user interface. (0)

56. The apparatus of claim 45, wherein the first predictive model serves as an intelligent proxy for subsequent measures of the neurodegenerative condition of the individual. (0)

57. The apparatus of claim 45, wherein the processing unit is configured to render the first instance of the primary task as a continuous visuo-motor tracking task, and wherein the first instance of the primary task is a first time interval of the continuous visuo-motor task. (0)

58. The apparatus of claim 45, wherein the processing unit is configured to control the user interface to render one or both of the first interference or the second interference as a target discrimination interference. (0)

59. The apparatus of claim 45, wherein the processing unit is configured to: (0) (2)

60. The apparatus of claim 45, wherein the at least one indicator is computed as an interference cost. (0)

61. The apparatus of claim 45, wherein the at least one indicator comprises an indicator of a projected response of the individual to a cognitive treatment being or to be delivered. (0)

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Application US20200060603

COGNITIVE PLATFORM CONFIGURED AS A BIOMARKER OR OTHER TYPE OF MARKER

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